Hoe.



W. S. DAVIS.

HOB.

APPLICATION FILED MAB. 6, 1909,

Patented July 20, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

wps. DAVIS.

HOE.

APPLICATION FILED MAB. 6, 1909.

928,590. Patented July 20. 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

awuemtoc,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WALTER SHIELDS DAVIS, OF RUSTON, LOUISIANA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO BENF. SMITH,

OF RUSTON, LOUISIANA.

HOE

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 20, 1909.

To all whom "it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER S. DAVIS, a citizen of the United States,residing at .Ruston, in the parish of Lincoln and State of Louisiana,have invented a new and useful Hoe, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to hoes, and more particularly to that classespecially adapted for cultivating cotton and the like.

The object of my invention is to provide a tool of the class described,having a reversible blade in order that the same can either be used as achopping hoe, or as a scraper whenever it is desired to push or scrapeyoung grass, etc, from the off-side of a plant.

While the invention is primarily intended for the above-describedpurpose, I do not wish to limit myself to this usage, as it will beapparent that the same can be employed for many analogous purposes.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel means fordetachably securing the blade to the tang of the handle;

The invention comprises a rectangular blade, one edge of which forms ascraper and the opposite edge a chopping or cutting hoe. Intermediate ofbut parallel to these two edges, are two spaced openings in which therespective ends of a forked or bifurcated tang are detachably secured bya novel means. 7

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a pers ective view of the assembled tool,showing t e preferred form of my invention; Fig. 2 is aperspective viewof a portion of the handle and the forked tang; Fig. 3 is a detailsectional view showing the first step in the application of the blade tothe tang; Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view showing the second step inthe application of the blade to the tang; Fig.

5 is a detail sectional view showing the blade in position and securedto the tang by a lock pin Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the lock pin;Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the assembled tool, showing a modifiedform of my invention; Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a portion of thehandle and the forked tang; Fig. 9 is a detail sectional view showingthe first step in the application of the blade to the tang; Fig. 10 is adetail sectional view showing the second step in the application. of theblade to the tang; Fig. 11 1s a detail sectional view showing the bladein position and secured to the tang by a lock pin.

Like numerals of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a handle of ordinaryconstruction in which a forked or bifurcated tang, preferably formed offlat metal and comprising two outwardly curved arms, 2 and 2 arespectively, is secured by any means.

In the referred form of my invention as illustratec in Figs. 1 to 6,inclusive, it will be seen that at each end of the arms and at oppositesides of the ends the metal is widened to form opposite shoulders, 4 and4, which are arranged at an an 'le with respect to the arms, the uppershoul er, 4, being in advance of the lower shoulder, 4". The arms arefurther provided with integral curved heads, 5 and 5, respectively,which are arranged beyond the shoulders 4 and 4", and are preferablyprovided with depending lu s 21 and 21, respectively, saidlugs extenringdown below the shoulders 4 and 4 The ends, 22 and 22 of these lugs areres ectively spaced from and substantially parailel to the shoulders4and 4* of the tang. The ends 22 are further provided with curvednotches, 23 and 23, which are respectively arranged opposite to theshoulders 4 and 4 of said tang. Each of the heads is respectivelyprovided with openings 9.and 9 which are arranged intermediate of thenotches 23 and 28 and the upper edge of the curved head, one openingbeing smaller than the other for the purpose hereinafter described.

The invention further comprises an angular blade 13, formed of sheetmetal, and provided with a cutting edge 14 and a scraping edge 15, whichare arranged opposite to each other. The blade is further provided withopenings 16 and 16, which are arranged intermediate of the two edges 14and 15. These openings are parallel with the edges, and are preferablyarranged nearer the scraping edge 15 than the cuttin edge 14. Theseopenings are also space a distance equal to the space between the headsof the forked tang and are of a depth substantially equal to the widthof the head directly in advance of the shoulders 4 and 4 In applying theblade to the forked tang, ,the first step necessary is to position thedepending lugs 21 and 21, respectively, in the corresponding openings 16and 1'6? of the blade, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings.The blade is then lifted until the lower edges of the said openingsengage the respective notches 23 and 23 as illustrated in Fig. 4 of thedrawing. The said notches are then used as pivots and the blade swungaround to a position shown inFig. f the drawing. In this view it willbeobserved that the shoulders 4 and 4 respectively, bear against one sideof the blade and at the top and bottom of the openings 16 and 16? saidblade, and the depending lugs 21 and 21 respectively, engage theopposite sides of the blade below the shoulders 4 a'nd'gl, respectively.It will he also observed thatb e cause of the angle ofthe shoulders 4and 4*,- respectively, relation to the arms 2 a nd 2? of the tang, thelower portion of the blade is brought under the said tang.

A look pin 17 having a head 18 is preferably formed of metal, and isprovided with a flat side 19 and a curved side 2-0, the two sidesconverging to the end 0 posite the head 18. This in is passed t roughthe openings 9, 9?, of the heads, the fiatside 19 being ada ted to bearagainst the blade. Because 0 the fact that the pin is tapered, it willbe readily apparent that the'pin, as it is formed in the said openings,willcause the blade to be tightly grip ed between the shoulders, 4, 4and the sai pin. I

Whenever it is desired to use thetool as a scraper, the said tool isturned over so that the scraper is underneatln In this connection itwill be noted that the blade is now inclined rearwardly, so thatinpractice, the operation of scraping or pushing away of material isgreatly assisted.

In the modified form of my invention as illustrated in Figs. 7 to 11,inclusive, a'handle 1, of ordinary construction is provided, in which issecured a bifurcated tang comprising two outwardly curved arms, 2 and 2,respectively. At each end of the arms and at opposite sides of the ends,the metal is widened to form opposite shoulders,- 4, 4 which arearranged at an angle with respect to the arms, the upper shoulder 4being in advance of the lower shoulder 4 The arms are further providedwith integral curved heads 5 and 5, respectively, which are arrangedbeyond the shoulders 4 and 4 and are preferably of a width equal to thewidthofthe arms of the tang. Oppositely arranged notches, El, 6, are,respectively, formed in the heads adjacent to and in the same plane asthe shoulders 4, 4 the lower notch 6 being preferably dee er than theupper one. The upper edge 0 each head is further provided with a secondnotch 7, which is spaced from the upper notch- 6 curved projection 8;Each of theheads is, respectively, provided with openings,- 9, 9?, whichare arranged intermediate of the opposite notches 6, 6, one openingbeing smaller than the other for the purpose hereinafter described. Therearwall 10 of eachopening is arranged substantially in alinement withthe rear walls 1 1, 11 of the said notches, and the front wall 12 ispreferably curved.

IThese openings are also spaced a distance equal to the space betweenthe heads of the forked tan-g, and: are of a depth substantiallv equalto the distance between the bottom at the upper notch 7 and lower edgeof the curved head; I p

lnappl-yingthe blade to the forked tang, the firststep necessary is toposition the top walls of the openings,- 16, 16? of the blade,respectively, in the upper notches 7', 7, of the tang heads, as shownreference to 9 of the drawings. The blade is then swung under theliorked tang untilthe blade bears against the lower shoulders 4 asshownby reference to 10 of the drawings. The blade is tlien lifted so thatthe bottom walls of the openings of the blade bear againstthe bottoms ofthe lower notches 6 The blade is tli en swungv outwardly while the topwalls of the openings of the blade are moved over the curved projection8, and into the upper notches 6?. Thus, it will be seen by reference toFig. 11 of the drawings, that the blade is arranged within the notches6V and, 6 and because of this fact, the blade is positioned at an anglewith respect tothe forked tang.

From the foregoing, is thought that the construction, V operationandmany advantages of the herein described invention will be apparent tothose skilled in the art, without further description, and; it will beunderstood thatvarious changes in the size, shape, proportion and minordetails of construction may beresorted to without departing from thespirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.- v

Having thus described my invention, what I claimas new and desire tosecure by Letters-Patnt, is:

1. A tool of the cl assdescribed consisting of a handle provided witharms,each arm having a notched head, a blade provided with openingslocated intermediate of its edges and adapted; to receive the notchedheads, and a key connecting said heads for securing the blade inthenotches thereof.

2. tool of the class described consisting ofa handle rovi'ded witharms,- each arm; provided wit oppositely arranged shoulders located nearthe ends-thereof, a head integral with and; extending from saidshouldersand provided with a notch, a blade having openings adapted toreceive the notched heads said ,shoulders bearing against the: innerside of the blade above and below the openings toform a bearingsu-rfaceor backing for the 3. A tool of the class described consisting of ahandle, a tang secured to the handle and having spaced arms, each armhaving a notched head, openings respectively arranged in each of theheads, a blade having openings and adapted to receive the notched heads,and a key engaging the openings in both of the heads and adapted toclamp the blade in the notches of said heads.

4.. A tool of the class described, consisting of a handle provided withoutwardly curved arms, each arm having op ositely arranged shouldersthat are arranger at an angle with respect to the arms, curved headsintegral with the arms and arranged beyond the shoulders, each headbeing respectively provided with a depending lug, each lug beingprovided with an end which is arallel to but spaced from the shouldersoi the tang, a curved notch arranged in the end of said lug and directlyopposite one of the shoulders, openings formed in the heads above saidnotches, a blade having openings adapted to receive the notched heads,and a tapered locking pin adapted to engage in the openings of the headsand thereby clamp the blade in the notches and against the shoulders.

5. A tool of the class described, consisting of a handle provided withspaced arms, each arm having two vertically disposed shoulders, oneshoulder on each arm arranged in advance of the other shoulder on thesame arm, integral curved heads projecting from the arms beyond theshoulders and provided with depending lugs which project below the lowershoulders and are spaced therefrom, said heads being provided with anotch in advance of the lower shoulder, a blade having openings adaptedto receive the heads and bear against the shoulders, and means forholding the blade in contact with said shoulders.

6. In a tool of the class described, the combination with a blade havinga pair of spaced openings, arms having heads on their ends, which headsare passed through the openings of the blade, shoulders provided on thearms in rear of the headsto bear against one side of the blade above andbelow said openings, lugs depending from the heads and bearing againstthe face of the blade below the shoulders, and means carried by theheads to lock them to the blades.

7. A tool of the class described, consisting of a handle provided withoutwardly curved arms, each arm having oppositely arranged shouldersthat are arranged at an angle with respect to the arms, curved headsintegral with the arms and arranged beyond the shoulders, each headbeing respectively provided with 'a depending lug, each lug beingprovided with an end which is arallel to but spaced fromthe shoulders othe tang,

a curved notch arranged in the end of said lug and directly opposite oneof the shoulders, a blade having openings adapted to receive the notchedheads, and means carried by the heads to clamp the blade against theshoulders.

S. A tool of the class described, consisting of a handle rovided witharms, each arm provided with oppositely arranged shoulders located nearthe end thereof, heads integral with and extending from the arms at saidshoulders and provided with notches, a blade having openings adapted toreceive the notched heads, said shoulders bearing against the inner sideof the blade above and belon the openings to form a bearing surface orbacking for the blade, and a key connecting the heads for clamping theblade against the shoulders.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have heretoafiixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

WALTER SHIELDS DAVIS.

Witnesses:

T. S. GLATHARY, C. O. TIIURMAN.

